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The Leopold maneuver is a systematic method used by healthcare providers to assess the position and presentation of a fetus in the womb. This series of four distinct palpation techniques allows the practitioner to identify the fetal parts that are in contact with the abdominal wall.

By applying gentle pressure to specific areas of the mother's abdomen, the caregiver can determine the location of the fetal head, back, and limbs. This information is crucial for planning the delivery process, as knowing the fetus's position helps assess whether a vaginal delivery is possible or if there may be complications that require intervention.

The other maneuvers listed serve different purposes: the McRoberts maneuver is employed to alleviate shoulder dystocia, the Simpson maneuver involves the use of a forceps technique in obstetrics for delivery, and the Valsalva maneuver is a method for increasing intrathoracic pressure and is not related to fetal positioning. Understanding these different maneuvers and their applications is essential for effective clinical practice in obstetrics.